CWE-94

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

CVE-2025-15540 (GCVE-0-2025-15540)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-16 11:52 – Updated: 2026-03-16 14:20 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Authenticated RCE in Raytha CMS
Summary
"Functions" module in Raytha CMS allows privileged users to write custom code to add functionality to application. Due to a lack of sandboxing or access restrictions, JavaScript code executed through Raytha’s “functions” feature can instantiate .NET components and perform arbitrary operations within the application’s hosting environment. This issue was fixed in version 1.4.6.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Raytha Raytha Affected: 0 , < 1.4.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Daniel Basta
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-15583 (GCVE-0-2025-15583)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-20 16:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 19:34
VLAI
Title
detronetdip E-commerce function.php get_safe_value cross site scripting
Summary
A weakness has been identified in detronetdip E-commerce 1.0.0. This affects the function get_safe_value of the file utility/function.php. Executing a manipulation can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
detronetdip E-commerce Affected: 1.0.0
    cpe:2.3:a:detronetdip:e-commerce:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Nixon-H (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-15616 (GCVE-0-2025-15616)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 16:38 – Updated: 2026-03-27 19:46
VLAI
Title
Wazuh Agent and Manager OS Command Injection and Untrusted Search Path
Summary
Wazuh wazuh-agent and wazuh-manager versions 2.1.0 before 4.8.0 contain multiple shell injection and untrusted search path vulnerabilities that allow attackers to execute arbitrary commands through various components including logcollector configuration, maild SMTP server tags, and Kaspersky AR script parameters. Attackers can exploit these vulnerabilities by injecting malicious commands through configuration files, SMTP server settings, and custom flags to achieve remote code execution on affected systems.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Wazuh wazuh-agent Affected: 2.1.0 , < 4.8.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Wazuh wazuh-manager Affected: 2.1.0 , < 4.8.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Published by @vikman90. Pedro Nicolas Gomez Palacios (Nicogp)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-15632 (GCVE-0-2025-15632)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-13 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-13 13:01 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
1Panel-dev MaxKB MdPreview chat.ts cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in 1Panel-dev MaxKB up to 2.4.2. Impacted is an unknown function of the file ui/src/chat.ts of the component MdPreview. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.5.0 is recommended to address this issue. The name of the patch is 7230daa5ec3e6574b6ede83dd48a4fbc0e70b8d8. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
1Panel-dev MaxKB Affected: 2.4.0
Affected: 2.4.1
Affected: 2.4.2
Unaffected: 2.5.0
    cpe:2.3:a:maxkb:maxkb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Ana10gy (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-1577 (GCVE-0-2025-1577)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-23 07:00 – Updated: 2025-02-24 12:18
VLAI
Title
code-projects Blood Bank System prostatus.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in code-projects Blood Bank System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /prostatus.php. The manipulation of the argument message leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
heiheiworld (VulDB User) heiheiworld (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-1579 (GCVE-0-2025-1579)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-23 09:00 – Updated: 2025-02-24 12:12
VLAI
Title
code-projects Blood Bank System user.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Blood Bank System 1.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /admin/user.php. The manipulation of the argument email leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Other parameters might be affected as well.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.296555 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.296555 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.502876 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/R2og/cve/blob/main/xss-r2og.md exploit
https://code-projects.org/ product
Impacted products
Credits
r2og (VulDB User) r2og (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-1585 (GCVE-0-2025-1585)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-23 14:00 – Updated: 2025-02-24 14:00 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
otale header.html OptionsService cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in otale tale up to 2.0.5. This issue affects the function OptionsService of the file src/main/resources/templates/themes/default/partial/header.html. The manipulation of the argument logo_url leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.296561 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.296561 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.504937 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/dragonkeep/cve/blob/main/Tale_… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
otale tale Affected: 2.0.0
Affected: 2.0.1
Affected: 2.0.2
Affected: 2.0.3
Affected: 2.0.4
Affected: 2.0.5
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dragonkeep (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-1586 (GCVE-0-2025-1586)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-23 14:31 – Updated: 2025-02-24 13:28
VLAI
Title
code-projects Blood Bank System A-.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Blood Bank System 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /Blood/A-.php. The manipulation of the argument Bloodname leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.296566 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.296566 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.505124 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/1337g/bloodbanksystem_poc/blob… exploit
https://code-projects.org/ product
Impacted products
Credits
1337gu (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-1589 (GCVE-0-2025-1589)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-23 18:00 – Updated: 2025-02-24 12:10
VLAI
Title
SourceCodester E-Learning System User Registration register.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester E-Learning System 1.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /register.php of the component User Registration Handler. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.296573 vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.296573 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.504039 third-party-advisory
https://www.sourcecodester.com/ product
Impacted products
Credits
Dariusz (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-1591 (GCVE-0-2025-1591)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-23 19:00 – Updated: 2025-02-24 12:06
VLAI
Title
SourceCodester Employee Management System Department Page department.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Employee Management System 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /department.php of the component Department Page. The manipulation of the argument Department Name leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.296575 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.296575 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.504048 third-party-advisory
https://www.sourcecodester.com/ product
Impacted products
Credits
Dariusz (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-296575 | SourceCodester Employee Management System Department Page department.php cross site scripting",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.296575"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-296575 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.296575"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #504048 | sourcecodester Employee Management System Using PHP and MySQL Submitted January 14 2025 Cross Site Scripting",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.504048"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com/"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-02-22T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-02-22T01:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-02-22T18:09:11.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "SourceCodester Employee Management System Department Page department.php cross site scripting"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-1591",
    "datePublished": "2025-02-23T19:00:12.912Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-02-22T17:04:03.695Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-02-24T12:06:18.404Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Description:

  • Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation

Phase: Testing

Description:

  • Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation ID: MIT-32

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Description:

  • Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation ID: MIT-32

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

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