CVE-2025-40135 (GCVE-0-2025-40135)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-12 10:23 – Updated: 2026-11-10 12:37
VLAI
Title
ipv6: use RCU in ip6_xmit()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: use RCU in ip6_xmit() Use RCU in ip6_xmit() in order to use dst_dev_rcu() to prevent possible UAF.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-16 19:58 UTC
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6641 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < 7a228cfbb66cca49e9baf901c506364f8dfe036b (git)
Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < f0a54d00d2f36de40266f47c27989853e8588656 (git)
Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < f69fec6287565fdeb61f65e700a1184352306943 (git)
Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < bd0905e2122e3680968cd0741966983490bf2ed3 (git)
Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < f7f9e924f23684b4b23cd9f976cceab24a968e34 (git)
Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < 9085e56501d93af9f2d7bd16f7fcfacdde47b99c (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.13
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.13 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.224 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.167 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.130 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.78 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17.3 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AB0) Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AB0) Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AB0) Affected: V3.1.7 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AC0) Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AC0) Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AC0) Affected: V3.1.7 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AB0) Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AB0) Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AB0) Affected: V3.1.7 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AC0) Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AC0) Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AC0) Affected: V3.1.7 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem Affected: 0 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6AG1518-4AX00-4AC0) Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6AG1518-4AX00-4AC0) Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6AG1518-4AX00-4AC0) Affected: V3.1.7 , < * (custom)
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              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "net/ipv6/ip6_output.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThan": "7a228cfbb66cca49e9baf901c506364f8dfe036b",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "f0a54d00d2f36de40266f47c27989853e8588656",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "f69fec6287565fdeb61f65e700a1184352306943",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "bd0905e2122e3680968cd0741966983490bf2ed3",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "f7f9e924f23684b4b23cd9f976cceab24a968e34",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "9085e56501d93af9f2d7bd16f7fcfacdde47b99c",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36",
                  "versionType": "git"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "defaultStatus": "affected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "net/ipv6/ip6_output.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4.13"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "4.13",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.15.224",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.1.167",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.6.130",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.12.78",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.17.3",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.18",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.224",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.13",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.167",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.13",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.130",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.13",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.78",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.13",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.3",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.13",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.18",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.13",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv6: use RCU in ip6_xmit()\n\nUse RCU in ip6_xmit() in order to use dst_dev_rcu() to prevent\npossible UAF."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "baseScore": 8.1,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "AV:N - `ip6_xmit()` is the locally-originated IPv6 output path for TCP and SCTP, and is driven directly by remote packets \u2014 `tcp_v6_send_synack()` on an incoming SYN and `tcp_v6_send_response()` for RST/challenge-ACK both call it before any authentication. Any internet-facing host with an IPv6 TCP listener (or that merely replies with RST) exposes the vulnerable function to unauthenticated remote traffic.\nAC:H - The attacker freely supplies the transmit side of the race by sending TCP/SCTP traffic, but the `dst_dev_put()` side (netdev unregister/link-down, veth teardown, route-exception/pcpu-route destruction) is an operational event they cannot influence from the network, and escalating past a crash requires the freed `net_device`/`inet6_dev` slab object to be reallocated with attacker-useful content. This matches sibling CVE-2025-40158 and CVE-2025-40168 in the same dst_dev_rcu series.\nPR:N - SYNACK and RST generation happen with no credentials, no established session, and no local account on the target \u2014 the kernel transmits automatically on packet arrival. Even under a purely local framing, both halves of the race (IPv6 traffic plus veth create/delete and route flush) are available to any unprivileged user via `unshare -Urn`, so no real privilege is required either way.\nUI:N - Packet transmission occurs unconditionally in softirq or backlog-drain context when traffic arrives; no administrator or local user has to open, mount, configure, or click anything.\nS:U - The freed `net_device` and `inet6_dev` are kernel-internal objects and the resulting corruption stays entirely within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free read of `dev-\u003ehard_header_len`/`needed_headroom` via `LL_RESERVED_SPACE()`, of `idev-\u003estats.ipv6`, and of `out-\u003ename`/`out-\u003eifindex` inside the `NF_HOOK(NF_INET_LOCAL_OUT)` traversal; once the freed slab object is reallocated the attacker can steer header-expansion sizing and the recorded egress device, yielding kernel memory disclosure and misdirected packet leakage.\nI:H - `IP6_INC_STATS(net, idev, ...)` expands to `SNMP_INC_STATS64(idev-\u003estats.ipv6, field)`, performing a 64-bit increment through a per-CPU pointer loaded from freed memory \u2014 a write primitive after reallocation \u2014 and the stale `dev` propagates into `skb-\u003edev` and the netfilter hook state, giving control over structures used for further dispatch.\nA:H - Dereferencing a freed `inet6_dev`/`net_device` on the IPv6 transmit path reliably produces a KASAN slab-use-after-free splat, oops, or panic, and because the fault is in the core TCP/SCTP egress path it takes down the entire host."
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-10-30T12:22:50.364Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a228cfbb66cca49e9baf901c506364f8dfe036b"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0a54d00d2f36de40266f47c27989853e8588656"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f69fec6287565fdeb61f65e700a1184352306943"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bd0905e2122e3680968cd0741966983490bf2ed3"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f7f9e924f23684b4b23cd9f976cceab24a968e34"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9085e56501d93af9f2d7bd16f7fcfacdde47b99c"
            }
          ],
          "title": "ipv6: use RCU in ip6_xmit()",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-40135",
        "datePublished": "2025-11-12T10:23:23.051Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.170Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-11-10T12:37:39.465Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
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Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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