CVE-2025-4093 (GCVE-0-2025-4093)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-29 13:13 – Updated: 2026-04-13 14:27
VLAI
Title
Memory safety bug fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10
Summary
Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-29 15:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
mozilla CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard E 38/100 over 683 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Mozilla Firefox Unaffected: 128.10 , ≤ * (rpm)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Mozilla Thunderbird Unaffected: 128.10 , ≤ * (rpm)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Andrew McCreight
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 8.1,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-4093",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-29T15:16:24.376458Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-119",
                "description": "CWE-119 Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-09-22T17:45:06.758Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:58:54.629Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Firefox",
          "vendor": "Mozilla",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "128.10",
              "versionType": "rpm"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "Thunderbird",
          "vendor": "Mozilla",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "128.10",
              "versionType": "rpm"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Andrew McCreight"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T14:27:25.816Z",
        "orgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
        "shortName": "mozilla"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Memory safety bug fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10",
          "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1894100"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Memory safety bug fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
    "assignerShortName": "mozilla",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-4093",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-29T13:13:50.917Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-29T13:13:50.246Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T14:27:25.816Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-4093",
      "date": "2026-10-30",
      "epss": "0.00491",
      "percentile": "0.42212"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "product": "Firefox",
                "vendor": "Mozilla",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "128.10",
                    "versionType": "rpm"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "product": "Thunderbird",
                "vendor": "Mozilla",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "128.10",
                    "versionType": "rpm"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "security@mozilla.org"
          }
        ],
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "3378E5EE-9ABF-444B-AA88-9EAF8D8058DE",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "128.10",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "DC19822B-CC07-4C6F-BAAD-C7A9C4E73FA9",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "128.10.0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "Error de seguridad de memoria presente en Firefox ESR 128.9 y Thunderbird 128.9. Este error mostr\u00f3 evidencia de corrupci\u00f3n de memoria y presumimos que, con suficiente esfuerzo, podr\u00eda haberse explotado para ejecutar c\u00f3digo arbitrario. Esta vulnerabilidad afecta a Firefox ESR menor que 128.10 y Thunderbird ESR menor que 128.10."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-4093",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-05T15:10:00.590",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 8.1,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 2.2,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-4093",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-29T15:16:24.376458Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-04-29T14:15:35.907",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "security@mozilla.org",
            "tags": [
              "Permissions Required"
            ],
            "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1894100"
          },
          {
            "source": "security@mozilla.org",
            "tags": [
              "Vendor Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/"
          },
          {
            "source": "security@mozilla.org",
            "tags": [
              "Vendor Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "security@mozilla.org",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-119"
              }
            ],
            "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-28T11:00:51+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-4093",
      "id": "CVE-2025-4093",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-04-29T13:13:50.917000+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "296",
      "product_status:known_affected": "10",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "firefox: thunderbird: Memory safety bug fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-4093.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-10T02:33:05Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-4093",
      "id": "CVE-2025-4093",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-04-30T03:18:05Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "101",
      "product_status:recommended": "107",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-4093",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-4093.json",
      "version": "18"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:58:54.629Z",
              "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
              "shortName": "CVE"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html"
              }
            ],
            "title": "CVE Program Container"
          },
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "cvssV3_1": {
                  "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
                  "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                  "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                  "baseScore": 8.1,
                  "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                  "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                  "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                  "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                  "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                  "userInteraction": "NONE",
                  "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                  "version": "3.1"
                }
              },
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-4093",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-04-29T15:16:24.376458Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "problemTypes": [
              {
                "descriptions": [
                  {
                    "cweId": "CWE-119",
                    "description": "CWE-119 Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer",
                    "lang": "en",
                    "type": "CWE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-04-29T15:32:34.756Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "product": "Firefox",
              "vendor": "Mozilla",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "128.10",
                  "versionType": "rpm"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "product": "Thunderbird",
              "vendor": "Mozilla",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "128.10",
                  "versionType": "rpm"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Andrew McCreight"
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10."
                }
              ],
              "value": "Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10."
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T14:27:25.816Z",
            "orgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
            "shortName": "mozilla"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "Memory safety bug fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10",
              "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1894100"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/"
            }
          ],
          "title": "Memory safety bug fixed in Firefox ESR 128.10 and Thunderbird 128.10"
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
        "assignerShortName": "mozilla",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-4093",
        "datePublished": "2025-04-29T13:13:50.917Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-29T13:13:50.246Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T14:27:25.816Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.