CVE-2026-31700 (GCVE-0-2026-31700)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-01 13:56 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:24
VLAI
Title
net/packet: fix TOCTOU race on mmap'd vnet_hdr in tpacket_snd()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/packet: fix TOCTOU race on mmap'd vnet_hdr in tpacket_snd() In tpacket_snd(), when PACKET_VNET_HDR is enabled, vnet_hdr points directly into the mmap'd TX ring buffer shared with userspace. The kernel validates the header via __packet_snd_vnet_parse() but then re-reads all fields later in virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(). A concurrent userspace thread can modify the vnet_hdr fields between validation and use, bypassing all safety checks. The non-TPACKET path (packet_snd()) already correctly copies vnet_hdr to a stack-local variable. All other vnet_hdr consumers in the kernel (tun.c, tap.c, virtio_net.c) also use stack copies. The TPACKET TX path is the only caller of virtio_net_hdr_to_skb() that reads directly from user-controlled shared memory. Fix this by copying vnet_hdr from the mmap'd ring buffer to a stack-local variable before validation and use, consistent with the approach used in packet_snd() and all other callers.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512 , < 0f4c9754956b86de158a4af5278c5cf5bda9439e (git)
Affected: 1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512 , < 714aa973da8163925eda7efd49361ccbee21ee46 (git)
Affected: 1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512 , < 1490f82353bdabc09265a74e645b07f05cf4188e (git)
Affected: 1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512 , < 74e2db36fe50e3ad9d5300d7fd0e6e2a15a6d121 (git)
Affected: 1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512 , < 3a1bf9116ea31470b89692585c3910dfe830dcdd (git)
Affected: 1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512 , < 28324a3b62d9ce7f9bdd65a8ce63f382041d1b27 (git)
Affected: 1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512 , < 48a6ef291a17639e1b6ae0fbe9c8b2bb87d7804b (git)
Affected: 1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512 , < 2c054e17d9d41f1020376806c7f750834ced4dc5 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.6
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.6 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.259 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.210 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.176 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.136 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.84 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.25 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0.2 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/packet: fix TOCTOU race on mmap\u0027d vnet_hdr in tpacket_snd()\n\nIn tpacket_snd(), when PACKET_VNET_HDR is enabled, vnet_hdr points\ndirectly into the mmap\u0027d TX ring buffer shared with userspace. The\nkernel validates the header via __packet_snd_vnet_parse() but then\nre-reads all fields later in virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(). A concurrent\nuserspace thread can modify the vnet_hdr fields between validation\nand use, bypassing all safety checks.\n\nThe non-TPACKET path (packet_snd()) already correctly copies vnet_hdr\nto a stack-local variable. All other vnet_hdr consumers in the kernel\n(tun.c, tap.c, virtio_net.c) also use stack copies. The TPACKET TX\npath is the only caller of virtio_net_hdr_to_skb() that reads directly\nfrom user-controlled shared memory.\n\nFix this by copying vnet_hdr from the mmap\u0027d ring buffer to a\nstack-local variable before validation and use, consistent with the\napproach used in packet_snd() and all other callers."
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached through local AF_PACKET socket operations, specifically configuring PACKET_VNET_HDR and PACKET_TX_RING, mmaping the TX ring, and calling sendmsg(). It is not reachable from unauthenticated remote network packets.\nAC:L - Although this is a race, the attacker controls both sides: one thread drives tpacket_snd() while another rewrites the mmap\u0027d vnet_hdr in shared ring memory. Upstream discussion also confirmed practical race wins with a PoC, so no external condition makes exploitation high complexity.\nPR:L - Creating the AF_PACKET SOCK_RAW socket requires CAP_NET_RAW, but packet_create() checks ns_capable(net-\u003euser_ns, CAP_NET_RAW). This capability is obtainable by an unprivileged local user in a user/network namespace on systems allowing unprivileged user namespaces, so this is Low rather than High.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed after the attacker has local execution; the attacker configures the socket, maps the ring, races the header, and sends packets directly.\nS:U - The vulnerability is in the kernel networking stack and impacts the same kernel security authority. Even if exploited for local privilege escalation, this is standard kernel compromise rather than a cross-scope boundary such as guest-to-host escape.\nC:H - Racing the validated vnet_hdr can corrupt skb metadata and can make the kernel transmit or process data outside the validated packet contents, including potential kernel heap disclosure. Given the memory corruption and kernel data exposure potential, confidentiality impact is High.\nI:H - The race can bypass checksum and GSO validation for fields such as gso_type, gso_size, flags, csum_start, and csum_offset, enabling malicious skb state and kernel memory corruption. Upstream patch discussion explicitly identified potential local privilege escalation, so integrity impact is High.\nA:H - Invalid checksum/GSO metadata and corrupted skb state can trigger kernel warnings, BUG/Oops paths, or crashes in the transmit/GSO path. Repeated local triggering can therefore cause high availability impact."
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    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:24:37.797Z",
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      "title": "net/packet: fix TOCTOU race on mmap\u0027d vnet_hdr in tpacket_snd()",
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All other vnet_hdr consumers in the kernel\\n(tun.c, tap.c, virtio_net.c) also use stack copies. The TPACKET TX\\npath is the only caller of virtio_net_hdr_to_skb() that reads directly\\nfrom user-controlled shared memory.\\n\\nFix this by copying vnet_hdr from the mmap\u0027d ring buffer to a\\nstack-local variable before validation and use, consistent with the\\napproach used in packet_snd() and all other callers.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/packet/af_packet.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512\",\"lessThan\":\"0f4c9754956b86de158a4af5278c5cf5bda9439e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512\",\"lessThan\":\"714aa973da8163925eda7efd49361ccbee21ee46\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512\",\"lessThan\":\"1490f82353bdabc09265a74e645b07f05cf4188e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512\",\"lessThan\":\"74e2db36fe50e3ad9d5300d7fd0e6e2a15a6d121\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512\",\"lessThan\":\"3a1bf9116ea31470b89692585c3910dfe830dcdd\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512\",\"lessThan\":\"28324a3b62d9ce7f9bdd65a8ce63f382041d1b27\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512\",\"lessThan\":\"48a6ef291a17639e1b6ae0fbe9c8b2bb87d7804b\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1d036d25e5609ba73fee6a88db01c306b140d512\",\"lessThan\":\"2c054e17d9d41f1020376806c7f750834ced4dc5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/packet/af_packet.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.6\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.6\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.259\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.210\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.176\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.136\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.84\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.25\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.0.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.0.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-362\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.6\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.136\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"7A6CE177-C7BA-4E34-9D61-035565B5FFF5\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.7\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.84\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D4ECA0DE-AFF5-4688-B219-4CA2336CA5B7\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.18.25\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"8B0A7E0E-F6D8-45DB-8CD9-01839FE40A6C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.19\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"7.0.2\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"1BD58F1E-7C20-4C0D-92A2-FAC5CBFBE8A8\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.1:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"B1EF7059-E670-45F4-B422-54C40FA86390\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.1:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"0D38F0BF-A728-4133-A358-D44A2F7EE6D6\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0f4c9754956b86de158a4af5278c5cf5bda9439e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1490f82353bdabc09265a74e645b07f05cf4188e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28324a3b62d9ce7f9bdd65a8ce63f382041d1b27\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c054e17d9d41f1020376806c7f750834ced4dc5\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3a1bf9116ea31470b89692585c3910dfe830dcdd\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/48a6ef291a17639e1b6ae0fbe9c8b2bb87d7804b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/714aa973da8163925eda7efd49361ccbee21ee46\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74e2db36fe50e3ad9d5300d7fd0e6e2a15a6d121\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-02T12:48:21+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-31700",
      "id": "CVE-2026-31700",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "246",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "28",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: net/packet: fix TOCTOU race on mmap\u0027d vnet_hdr in tpacket_snd()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-31700.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-15T05:20:29Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-31700",
      "id": "CVE-2026-31700",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-02T01:25:33Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "451",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "4",
      "product_status:recommended": "487",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-31700",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-31700.json",
      "version": "20"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.