CVE-2026-31706 (GCVE-0-2026-31706)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-01 13:56 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:24
VLAI
Title
ksmbd: validate num_aces and harden ACE walk in smb_inherit_dacl()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: validate num_aces and harden ACE walk in smb_inherit_dacl() smb_inherit_dacl() trusts the on-disk num_aces value from the parent directory's DACL xattr and uses it to size a heap allocation: aces_base = kmalloc(sizeof(struct smb_ace) * num_aces * 2, ...); num_aces is a u16 read from le16_to_cpu(parent_pdacl->num_aces) without checking that it is consistent with the declared pdacl_size. An authenticated client whose parent directory's security.NTACL is tampered (e.g. via offline xattr corruption or a concurrent path that bypasses parse_dacl()) can present num_aces = 65535 with minimal actual ACE data. This causes a ~8 MB allocation (not kzalloc, so uninitialized) that the subsequent loop only partially populates, and may also overflow the three-way size_t multiply on 32-bit kernels. Additionally, the ACE walk loop uses the weaker offsetof(struct smb_ace, access_req) minimum size check rather than the minimum valid on-wire ACE size, and does not reject ACEs whose declared size is below the minimum. Reproduced on UML + KASAN + LOCKDEP against the real ksmbd code path. A legitimate mount.cifs client creates a parent directory over SMB (ksmbd writes a valid security.NTACL xattr), then the NTACL blob on the backing filesystem is rewritten to set num_aces = 0xFFFF while keeping the posix_acl_hash bytes intact so ksmbd_vfs_get_sd_xattr()'s hash check still passes. A subsequent SMB2 CREATE of a child under that parent drives smb2_open() into smb_inherit_dacl() (share has "vfs objects = acl_xattr" set), which fails the page allocator: WARNING: mm/page_alloc.c:5226 at __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x46c/0x9c0 Workqueue: ksmbd-io handle_ksmbd_work __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x46c/0x9c0 ___kmalloc_large_node+0x68/0x130 __kmalloc_large_node_noprof+0x24/0x70 __kmalloc_noprof+0x4c9/0x690 smb_inherit_dacl+0x394/0x2430 smb2_open+0x595d/0xabe0 handle_ksmbd_work+0x3d3/0x1140 With the patch applied the added guard rejects the tampered value with -EINVAL before any large allocation runs, smb2_open() falls back to smb2_create_sd_buffer(), and the child is created with a default SD. No warning, no splat. Fix by: 1. Validating num_aces against pdacl_size using the same formula applied in parse_dacl(). 2. Replacing the raw kmalloc(sizeof * num_aces * 2) with kmalloc_array(num_aces * 2, sizeof(...)) for overflow-safe allocation. 3. Tightening the per-ACE loop guard to require the minimum valid ACE size (offsetof(smb_ace, sid) + CIFS_SID_BASE_SIZE) and rejecting under-sized ACEs, matching the hardening in smb_check_perm_dacl() and parse_dacl(). v1 -> v2: - Replace the synthetic test-module splat in the changelog with a real-path UML + KASAN reproduction driven through mount.cifs and SMB2 CREATE; Namjae flagged the kcifs3_test_inherit_dacl_old name in v1 since it does not exist in ksmbd. - Drop the commit-hash citation from the code comment per Namjae's review; keep the parse_dacl() pointer.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: e2f34481b24db2fd634b5edb0a5bd0e4d38cc6e9 , < 063a7409b0de46d7c770b65bb0338e6fdb3b1f0a (git)
Affected: e2f34481b24db2fd634b5edb0a5bd0e4d38cc6e9 , < 3e5360b422dd741cb315654a191fa73869a37414 (git)
Affected: e2f34481b24db2fd634b5edb0a5bd0e4d38cc6e9 , < 59c32abaaec9cdd6164811c7e864e72f7554b82d (git)
Affected: e2f34481b24db2fd634b5edb0a5bd0e4d38cc6e9 , < 3e4e2ea2a781018ed5d75f969e3e5606beb66e48 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.15
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.15 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.84 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.25 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0.2 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/smb/server/smbacl.c"
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      "descriptions": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nksmbd: validate num_aces and harden ACE walk in smb_inherit_dacl()\n\nsmb_inherit_dacl() trusts the on-disk num_aces value from the parent\ndirectory\u0027s DACL xattr and uses it to size a heap allocation:\n\n  aces_base = kmalloc(sizeof(struct smb_ace) * num_aces * 2, ...);\n\nnum_aces is a u16 read from le16_to_cpu(parent_pdacl-\u003enum_aces)\nwithout checking that it is consistent with the declared pdacl_size.\nAn authenticated client whose parent directory\u0027s security.NTACL is\ntampered (e.g. via offline xattr corruption or a concurrent path that\nbypasses parse_dacl()) can present num_aces = 65535 with minimal\nactual ACE data.  This causes a ~8 MB allocation (not kzalloc, so\nuninitialized) that the subsequent loop only partially populates, and\nmay also overflow the three-way size_t multiply on 32-bit kernels.\n\nAdditionally, the ACE walk loop uses the weaker\noffsetof(struct smb_ace, access_req) minimum size check rather than\nthe minimum valid on-wire ACE size, and does not reject ACEs whose\ndeclared size is below the minimum.\n\nReproduced on UML + KASAN + LOCKDEP against the real ksmbd code path.\nA legitimate mount.cifs client creates a parent directory over SMB\n(ksmbd writes a valid security.NTACL xattr), then the NTACL blob on\nthe backing filesystem is rewritten to set num_aces = 0xFFFF while\nkeeping the posix_acl_hash bytes intact so ksmbd_vfs_get_sd_xattr()\u0027s\nhash check still passes.  A subsequent SMB2 CREATE of a child under\nthat parent drives smb2_open() into smb_inherit_dacl() (share has\n\"vfs objects = acl_xattr\" set), which fails the page allocator:\n\n  WARNING: mm/page_alloc.c:5226 at __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x46c/0x9c0\n  Workqueue: ksmbd-io handle_ksmbd_work\n   __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x46c/0x9c0\n   ___kmalloc_large_node+0x68/0x130\n   __kmalloc_large_node_noprof+0x24/0x70\n   __kmalloc_noprof+0x4c9/0x690\n   smb_inherit_dacl+0x394/0x2430\n   smb2_open+0x595d/0xabe0\n   handle_ksmbd_work+0x3d3/0x1140\n\nWith the patch applied the added guard rejects the tampered value\nwith -EINVAL before any large allocation runs, smb2_open() falls back\nto smb2_create_sd_buffer(), and the child is created with a default\nSD.  No warning, no splat.\n\nFix by:\n\n  1. Validating num_aces against pdacl_size using the same formula\n     applied in parse_dacl().\n\n  2. Replacing the raw kmalloc(sizeof * num_aces * 2) with\n     kmalloc_array(num_aces * 2, sizeof(...)) for overflow-safe\n     allocation.\n\n  3. Tightening the per-ACE loop guard to require the minimum valid\n     ACE size (offsetof(smb_ace, sid) + CIFS_SID_BASE_SIZE) and\n     rejecting under-sized ACEs, matching the hardening in\n     smb_check_perm_dacl() and parse_dacl().\n\nv1 -\u003e v2:\n  - Replace the synthetic test-module splat in the changelog with a\n    real-path UML + KASAN reproduction driven through mount.cifs and\n    SMB2 CREATE; Namjae flagged the kcifs3_test_inherit_dacl_old name\n    in v1 since it does not exist in ksmbd.\n  - Drop the commit-hash citation from the code comment per Namjae\u0027s\n    review; keep the parse_dacl() pointer."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - ksmbd processes SMB2 CREATE requests over TCP/445, and the vulnerable `smb_inherit_dacl()` path is reached remotely through the in-kernel SMB server.\nAC:L - An attacker with access to a writable ACL-xattr share can deterministically store or arrange a malformed parent DACL and then create a child object to trigger inheritance; no race or uncontrollable condition is required.\nPR:L - The SMB2 CREATE path requires a valid SMB session and tree connection, and the practical attack requires share write/ACL-setting privileges, but not kernel, root, or administrative privileges.\nUI:N - After the attacker has SMB access, exploitation is driven entirely by attacker-sent SMB requests and does not require victim interaction.\nS:U - The vulnerable component and impacted resource are both within the same kernel/ksmbd security authority; this is not a VM escape or cross-boundary isolation bypass.\nC:H - The hardened ACE walk addresses attacker-controlled malformed DACL data that can drive out-of-bounds reads of kernel heap-backed security descriptor data; under the required high-severity tie-break rule, this is scored as high confidentiality impact.\nI:H - The malformed inherited ACE construction can corrupt kernel-managed ACL/security descriptor state and has plausible heap memory-corruption consequences, so the highest defensible integrity impact is high.\nA:H - The documented reproduction triggers a kernel allocator warning from attacker-controlled SMB activity, and such kernel warnings/oops conditions can crash or destabilize the server, especially with panic-on-warn configurations."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:24:40.999Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/063a7409b0de46d7c770b65bb0338e6fdb3b1f0a"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e5360b422dd741cb315654a191fa73869a37414"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/59c32abaaec9cdd6164811c7e864e72f7554b82d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e4e2ea2a781018ed5d75f969e3e5606beb66e48"
        }
      ],
      "title": "ksmbd: validate num_aces and harden ACE walk in smb_inherit_dacl()",
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-31706",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-01T13:56:04.552Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-09T15:48:24.132Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:24:40.999Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-31706",
      "date": "2026-08-31",
      "epss": "0.00369",
      "percentile": "0.29784"
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    "microsoft_vex": {
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      "cve": "CVE-2026-31706",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-31706",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-02T00:00:00.000Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "3",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "ksmbd: validate num_aces and harden ACE walk in smb_inherit_dacl()",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-31706.json",
      "version": "6"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-31706\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-05-01T14:16:20.597\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T10:34:16.773\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nksmbd: validate num_aces and harden ACE walk in smb_inherit_dacl()\\n\\nsmb_inherit_dacl() trusts the on-disk num_aces value from the parent\\ndirectory\u0027s DACL xattr and uses it to size a heap allocation:\\n\\n  aces_base = kmalloc(sizeof(struct smb_ace) * num_aces * 2, ...);\\n\\nnum_aces is a u16 read from le16_to_cpu(parent_pdacl-\u003enum_aces)\\nwithout checking that it is consistent with the declared pdacl_size.\\nAn authenticated client whose parent directory\u0027s security.NTACL is\\ntampered (e.g. via offline xattr corruption or a concurrent path that\\nbypasses parse_dacl()) can present num_aces = 65535 with minimal\\nactual ACE data.  This causes a ~8 MB allocation (not kzalloc, so\\nuninitialized) that the subsequent loop only partially populates, and\\nmay also overflow the three-way size_t multiply on 32-bit kernels.\\n\\nAdditionally, the ACE walk loop uses the weaker\\noffsetof(struct smb_ace, access_req) minimum size check rather than\\nthe minimum valid on-wire ACE size, and does not reject ACEs whose\\ndeclared size is below the minimum.\\n\\nReproduced on UML + KASAN + LOCKDEP against the real ksmbd code path.\\nA legitimate mount.cifs client creates a parent directory over SMB\\n(ksmbd writes a valid security.NTACL xattr), then the NTACL blob on\\nthe backing filesystem is rewritten to set num_aces = 0xFFFF while\\nkeeping the posix_acl_hash bytes intact so ksmbd_vfs_get_sd_xattr()\u0027s\\nhash check still passes.  A subsequent SMB2 CREATE of a child under\\nthat parent drives smb2_open() into smb_inherit_dacl() (share has\\n\\\"vfs objects = acl_xattr\\\" set), which fails the page allocator:\\n\\n  WARNING: mm/page_alloc.c:5226 at __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x46c/0x9c0\\n  Workqueue: ksmbd-io handle_ksmbd_work\\n   __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x46c/0x9c0\\n   ___kmalloc_large_node+0x68/0x130\\n   __kmalloc_large_node_noprof+0x24/0x70\\n   __kmalloc_noprof+0x4c9/0x690\\n   smb_inherit_dacl+0x394/0x2430\\n   smb2_open+0x595d/0xabe0\\n   handle_ksmbd_work+0x3d3/0x1140\\n\\nWith the patch applied the added guard rejects the tampered value\\nwith -EINVAL before any large allocation runs, smb2_open() falls back\\nto smb2_create_sd_buffer(), and the child is created with a default\\nSD.  No warning, no splat.\\n\\nFix by:\\n\\n  1. Validating num_aces against pdacl_size using the same formula\\n     applied in parse_dacl().\\n\\n  2. Replacing the raw kmalloc(sizeof * num_aces * 2) with\\n     kmalloc_array(num_aces * 2, sizeof(...)) for overflow-safe\\n     allocation.\\n\\n  3. Tightening the per-ACE loop guard to require the minimum valid\\n     ACE size (offsetof(smb_ace, sid) + CIFS_SID_BASE_SIZE) and\\n     rejecting under-sized ACEs, matching the hardening in\\n     smb_check_perm_dacl() and parse_dacl().\\n\\nv1 -\u003e v2:\\n  - Replace the synthetic test-module splat in the changelog with a\\n    real-path UML + KASAN reproduction driven through mount.cifs and\\n    SMB2 CREATE; Namjae flagged the kcifs3_test_inherit_dacl_old name\\n    in v1 since it does not exist in ksmbd.\\n  - Drop the commit-hash citation from the code comment per Namjae\u0027s\\n    review; keep the parse_dacl() pointer.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/smb/server/smbacl.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"e2f34481b24db2fd634b5edb0a5bd0e4d38cc6e9\",\"lessThan\":\"063a7409b0de46d7c770b65bb0338e6fdb3b1f0a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e2f34481b24db2fd634b5edb0a5bd0e4d38cc6e9\",\"lessThan\":\"3e5360b422dd741cb315654a191fa73869a37414\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e2f34481b24db2fd634b5edb0a5bd0e4d38cc6e9\",\"lessThan\":\"59c32abaaec9cdd6164811c7e864e72f7554b82d\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e2f34481b24db2fd634b5edb0a5bd0e4d38cc6e9\",\"lessThan\":\"3e4e2ea2a781018ed5d75f969e3e5606beb66e48\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/smb/server/smbacl.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5.15\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"5.15\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.84\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.25\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.0.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.0.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"NVD-CWE-noinfo\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.15\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.84\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"04651641-C387-4546-B02F-17BA989CC253\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.18.25\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"8B0A7E0E-F6D8-45DB-8CD9-01839FE40A6C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.19\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"7.0.2\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"1BD58F1E-7C20-4C0D-92A2-FAC5CBFBE8A8\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/063a7409b0de46d7c770b65bb0338e6fdb3b1f0a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e4e2ea2a781018ed5d75f969e3e5606beb66e48\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e5360b422dd741cb315654a191fa73869a37414\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/59c32abaaec9cdd6164811c7e864e72f7554b82d\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-28T07:27:39+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-31706",
      "id": "CVE-2026-31706",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ksmbd: validate num_aces and harden ACE walk in smb_inherit_dacl()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-31706.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-06T01:23:39Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-31706",
      "id": "CVE-2026-31706",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-02T01:25:25Z",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "291",
      "product_status:recommended": "4",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-31706",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-31706.json",
      "version": "6"
    }
  }
}



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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.