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CVE-2025-32433 (GCVE-0-2025-32433)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 21:34 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI CISA Previdian
Title
Erlang/OTP SSH Vulnerable to Pre-Authentication RCE
Summary
Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems and execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials. This issue is patched in versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20. A temporary workaround involves disabling the SSH server or to prevent access via firewall rules.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: active Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-08-20 03:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
erlang otp Affected: >= OTP-27.0-rc1, < OTP-27.3.3
Affected: >= OTP-26.0-rc1, < OTP-26.2.5.11
Affected: < OTP-25.3.2.20
guessed Create a notification for this product.
CISA
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 3868ea61-9561-4d41-a734-6b44996356f2

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2025-32433

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2025-06-09 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2025-06-09
Asserted: 2025-06-09
Scope
Notes: KEV entry: Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability | Affected: Erlang / Erlang/OTP | Description: Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH server contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials, potentially leading to unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in how SSH protocol messages are handled, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems. This vulnerability could affect various products that implement Erlang/OTP SSH server, including—but not limited to—Cisco, NetApp, and SUSE. | Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. | Due date: 2025-06-30 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Unknown | Notes (KEV): This vulnerability affects a common open-source project, third-party library, or a protocol used by different products. For more information, please see: https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-37cp-fgq5-7wc2 ; https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-erlang-otp-ssh-xyZZy ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32433
Evidence

Type: Vendor Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 80%

Source: cisa-kev

Details
Cwes CWE-306
Feed CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog
Product Erlang/OTP
Due Date 2025-06-30
Date Added 2025-06-09
Vendorproject Erlang
Vulnerabilityname Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability
Knownransomwarecampaignuse Unknown
References
Created: 2026-02-02 12:25 UTC | Updated: 2026-02-06 07:17 UTC
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: bcd9ae26-7310-403b-a3a9-e5807eb2b26b

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2025-32433

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-06-01 10:32 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2026-06-01
Asserted: 2026-06-01
Scope
Notes: KEVIntel entry: Erlang/OTP SSH Vulnerable to Pre-Authentication RCE | Affected: erlang / otp | CVSS: 10.0 (CRITICAL) | EPSS: 0.97673 | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: False
Evidence

Type: Public Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 70%

Source: kevintel

Details
Feed KEVIntel (kevintel.com)
Title Erlang/OTP SSH Vulnerable to Pre-Authentication RCE
Vendor erlang
Product otp
Added Date 2026-06-01T10:32:20.432Z
Cvss Score 10.0
Epss Score 0.97673
Cvss Severity CRITICAL
Epss Percentile 0.99896
Used In Malware unknown
Ahead Of Cisa Kev 
{
  "count": 1,
  "unit": "day"
}
Not Yet In Cisa Kev False
References
Created: 2026-06-23 14:03 UTC | Updated: 2026-07-10 06:14 UTC
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
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      "version": "3"
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      "product_status:known_not_affected": "20",
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      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-32433.json",
      "version": "21"
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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.