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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nigc: avoid returning frame twice in XDP_REDIRECT\n\nWhen a frame can not be transmitted in XDP_REDIRECT\n(e.g. due to a full queue), it is necessary to free\nit by calling xdp_return_frame_rx_napi.\n\nHowever, this is the responsibility of the caller of\nthe ndo_xdp_xmit (see for example bq_xmit_all in\nkernel/bpf/devmap.c) and thus calling it inside\nigc_xdp_xmit (which is the ndo_xdp_xmit of the igc\ndriver) as well will lead to memory corruption.\n\nIn fact, bq_xmit_all expects that it can return all\nframes after the last successfully transmitted one.\nTherefore, break for the first not transmitted frame,\nbut do not call xdp_return_frame_rx_napi in igc_xdp_xmit.\nThis is equally implemented in other Intel drivers\nsuch as the igb.\n\nThere are two alternatives to this that were rejected:\n1. Return num_frames as all the frames would have been\n   transmitted and release them inside igc_xdp_xmit.\n   While it might work technically, it is not what\n   the return value is meant to represent (i.e. the\n   number of SUCCESSFULLY transmitted packets).\n2. Rework kernel/bpf/devmap.c and all drivers to\n   support non-consecutively dropped packets.\n   Besides being complex, it likely has a negative\n   performance impact without a significant gain\n   since it is anyway unlikely that the next frame\n   can be transmitted if the previous one was dropped.\n\nThe memory corruption can be reproduced with\nthe following script which leads to a kernel panic\nafter a few seconds.  It basically generates more\ntraffic than a i225 NIC can transmit and pushes it\nvia XDP_REDIRECT from a virtual interface to the\nphysical interface where frames get dropped.\n\n   #!/bin/bash\n   INTERFACE=enp4s0\n   INTERFACE_IDX=`cat /sys/class/net/$INTERFACE/ifindex`\n\n   sudo ip link add dev veth1 type veth peer name veth2\n   sudo ip link set up $INTERFACE\n   sudo ip link set up veth1\n   sudo ip link set up veth2\n\n   cat \u003c\u003c EOF \u003e redirect.bpf.c\n\n   SEC(\"prog\")\n   int redirect(struct xdp_md *ctx)\n   {\n       return bpf_redirect($INTERFACE_IDX, 0);\n   }\n\n   char _license[] SEC(\"license\") = \"GPL\";\n   EOF\n   clang -O2 -g -Wall -target bpf -c redirect.bpf.c -o redirect.bpf.o\n   sudo ip link set veth2 xdp obj redirect.bpf.o\n\n   cat \u003c\u003c EOF \u003e pass.bpf.c\n\n   SEC(\"prog\")\n   int pass(struct xdp_md *ctx)\n   {\n       return XDP_PASS;\n   }\n\n   char _license[] SEC(\"license\") = \"GPL\";\n   EOF\n   clang -O2 -g -Wall -target bpf -c pass.bpf.c -o pass.bpf.o\n   sudo ip link set $INTERFACE xdp obj pass.bpf.o\n\n   cat \u003c\u003c EOF \u003e trafgen.cfg\n\n   {\n     /* Ethernet Header */\n     0xe8, 0x6a, 0x64, 0x41, 0xbf, 0x46,\n     0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,\n     const16(ETH_P_IP),\n\n     /* IPv4 Header */\n     0b01000101, 0,   # IPv4 version, IHL, TOS\n     const16(1028),   # IPv4 total length (UDP length + 20 bytes (IP header))\n     const16(2),      # IPv4 ident\n     0b01000000, 0,   # IPv4 flags, fragmentation off\n     64,              # IPv4 TTL\n     17,              # Protocol UDP\n     csumip(14, 33),  # IPv4 checksum\n\n     /* UDP Header */\n     10,  0, 1, 1,    # IP Src - adapt as needed\n     10,  0, 1, 2,    # IP Dest - adapt as needed\n     const16(6666),   # UDP Src Port\n     const16(6666),   # UDP Dest Port\n     const16(1008),   # UDP length (UDP header 8 bytes + payload length)\n     csumudp(14, 34), # UDP checksum\n\n     /* Payload */\n     fill(\u0027W\u0027, 1000),\n   }\n   EOF\n\n   sudo trafgen -i trafgen.cfg -b3000MB -o veth1 --cpp"
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable `adf_slot_reset()` runs in the host kernel\u0027s PCIe AER/EEH error-recovery machinery for the local QAT accelerator; there is no network- or adjacent-network-facing path to `drivers/crypto/intel/qat/qat_common/adf_aer.c`. The attacker must be local to the host \u2014 a co-resident guest/VFIO holder of a QAT function on the same PCIe hierarchy, or a local actor able to drive AER recovery.\nAC:L - The attacker controls the triggering event (the PCIe error that starts recovery), and the losing side of the race is not a narrow window \u2014 a device that has just taken an uncorrectable error leaves MMIO reads returning all-ones, so `adf_dev_up()` runs every poll loop to its full timeout (5 s admin-message poll plus 3 s firmware-auth waits) and deterministically exceeds the caller\u0027s 10-second `wait_for_completion_timeout`. The UAF was observed occurring naturally in the field via KFENCE, confirming the window is routinely hit.\nPR:L - SR-IOV VF assignment is the mainstream QAT deployment model, and a tenant guest or VFIO-granted user holding a QAT function can make it signal an uncorrectable error; `pci_walk_bridge()` then broadcasts `slot_reset` across the port\u0027s subordinate bus, invoking the host PF\u0027s `adf_slot_reset()` \u2014 no host root needed. Unprivileged local users can additionally drive arbitrary traffic through the device via AF_ALG, which dispatches to the QAT skcipher/aead implementations.\nUI:N - The reset worker and the timing-out caller both run entirely within kernel context once the PCIe error is signalled; no victim action, mount, or file open is required.\nS:U - The freed `adf_reset_dev_data` and the corruption caused by the stale `complete()` are both host kernel heap objects under the same security authority; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is itself bypassed by the flaw.\nC:H - The worker performs a use-after-free read of `reset_data-\u003emode` and dereferences `x-\u003ewait.task_list` out of the freed ~80-byte `kmalloc-96` object, a cache an attacker can reliably reoccupy with sprayed objects (msg_msg, xattr, etc.), turning the stale reference into a controlled read of kernel memory.\nI:H - `complete()` on the freed object writes into it \u2014 taking a raw spinlock, incrementing `x-\u003edone`, and running `swake_up_locked()` over an attacker-groomed wait list, yielding `wake_up_process()` on a controlled task pointer; because `ADF_DEV_RESET_ASYNC == 0`, a zeroed reallocation of the slot also produces a second `kfree()` on the already-freed pointer, a classic double-free route to an arbitrary write.\nA:H - The use-after-free and potential double free corrupt the slab allocator, producing KASAN/KFENCE splats and kernel panics (immediate under `panic_on_warn`), and the reset path additionally hits `WARN(1, \"QAT: device restart failed. Device is unusable\")`, leaving the crypto accelerator dead."
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