Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5976 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-27403 (GCVE-0-2025-27403)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-11 14:16 – Updated: 2025-03-11 14:43
VLAI
Title
Ratify Azure authentication providers can leak authentication tokens to non-Azure container registries
Summary
Ratify is a verification engine as a binary executable and on Kubernetes which enables verification of artifact security metadata and admits for deployment only those that comply with policies the user creates. In a Kubernetes environment, Ratify can be configured to authenticate to a private Azure Container Registry (ACR). The Azure workload identity and Azure managed identity authentication providers are configured in this setup. Users that configure a private ACR to be used with the Azure authentication providers may be impacted by a vulnerability that exists in versions prior to 1.2.3 and 1.3.2. Both Azure authentication providers attempt to exchange an Entra ID (EID) token for an ACR refresh token. However, Ratify’s Azure authentication providers did not verify that the target registry is an ACR. This could have led to the EID token being presented to a non-ACR registry during token exchange. EID tokens with ACR access can potentially be extracted and abused if a user workload contains an image reference to a malicious registry. As of versions 1.2.3 and 1.3.2, the Azure workload identity and Azure managed identity authentication providers are updated to add new validation prior to EID token exchange. Validation relies upon registry domain validation against a pre-configured list of well-known ACR endpoints. EID token exchange will be executed only if at least one of the configured well-known domain suffixes (wildcard support included) matches the registry domain of the image reference.
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ratify-project ratify Affected: < 1.2.3
Affected: >= 1.3.0, < 1.3.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2025-27138 (GCVE-0-2025-27138)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-13 16:49 – Updated: 2025-03-13 19:48
VLAI
Title
DataEase has an improper authentication vulnerability
Summary
DataEase is an open source business intelligence and data visualization tool. Prior to version 2.10.6, there is a flaw in the authentication in the io.dataease.auth.filter.TokenFilter class, which may cause the risk of unauthorized access. The vulnerability has been fixed in v2.10.6. No known workarounds are available.
Severity
7.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
dataease dataease Affected: < 2.10.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-27112 (GCVE-0-2025-27112)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-24 18:37 – Updated: 2025-02-24 19:00
VLAI
Title
Navidrome has authentication bypass in Subsonic API with non-existent username
Summary
Navidrome is an open source web-based music collection server and streamer. Starting in version 0.52.0 and prior to version 0.54.5, in certain Subsonic API endpoints, a flaw in the authentication check process allows an attacker to specify any arbitrary username that does not exist on the system, along with a salted hash of an empty password. Under these conditions, Navidrome treats the request as authenticated, granting access to various Subsonic endpoints without requiring valid credentials. An attacker can use any non-existent username to bypass the authentication system and gain access to various read-only data in Navidrome, such as user playlists. However, any attempt to modify data fails with a "permission denied" error due to insufficient permissions, limiting the impact to unauthorized viewing of information. Version 0.54.5 contains a patch for this issue.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
navidrome navidrome Affected: >= 0.52.0, < 0.54.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-26685 (GCVE-0-2025-26685)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 16:58 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:21
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Defender for Identity Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
Improper authentication in Microsoft Defender for Identity allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over an adjacent network.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-05-13 07:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-26475 (GCVE-0-2025-26475)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-19 15:13 – Updated: 2025-03-19 15:35
VLAI
Summary
Dell Secure Connect Gateway (SCG) 5.0 Appliance - SRS, version(s) 5.26, Enables Live-Restore setting which enhances security by keeping containers running during daemon restarts, reducing attack exposure, preventing accidental misconfigurations, and ensuring security controls remain active.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-03-04 06:30
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-25227 (GCVE-0-2025-25227)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-08 16:24 – Updated: 2025-04-21 07:16
VLAI
Title
[20250402] - Joomla Core - MFA Authentication Bypass
Summary
Insufficient state checks lead to a vector that allows to bypass 2FA checks.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Joomla! Project Joomla! CMS Affected: 4.0.0-4.4.12
Affected: 5.0.0-5.2.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2025-25205 (GCVE-0-2025-25205)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-12 18:16 – Updated: 2025-02-13 14:14
VLAI
Title
Remote Authentication-Bypass can lead to server crash or limited information disclosure due to faulty pattern matching
Summary
Audiobookshelf is a self-hosted audiobook and podcast server. Starting in version 2.17.0 and prior to version 2.19.1, a flaw in the authentication bypass logic allows unauthenticated requests to match certain unanchored regex patterns in the URL. Attackers can craft URLs containing substrings like "/api/items/1/cover" in a query parameter (?r=/api/items/1/cover) to partially bypass authentication or trigger server crashes under certain routes. This could lead to information disclosure of otherwise protected data and, in some cases, a complete denial of service (server crash) if downstream code expects an authenticated user object. Version 2.19.1 contains a patch for the issue.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-202 - Exposure of Sensitive Information Through Data Queries
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
advplyr audiobookshelf Affected: >= 2.17.0, < 2.19.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-25201 (GCVE-0-2025-25201)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-12 18:07 – Updated: 2025-02-12 19:28
VLAI
Title
Improper Validation of Admin Key in PIV Smartcard
Summary
Nitrokey 3 Firmware is the the firmware of Nitrokey 3 USB keys. For release 1.8.0, and test releases with PIV enabled prior to 1.8.0, the PIV application could accept invalid keys for authentication of the admin key. This could lead to compromise of the integrity of the data stored in the application. An attacker without access to the proper administration key would be able to generate new keys and overwrite certificates. Such an attacker would not be able to read-out or extract existing private data, nor would they be able to gain access to cryptographic operations that would normally require PIN-based authentication. The issue is fixed in piv-authenticator 0.3.9, and in Nitrokey's firmware 1.8.1.
Severity
4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-24904 (GCVE-0-2025-24904)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-13 15:24 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:25
VLAI
Title
libsignal-service-rs doesn't sanity check plaintext envelopes are not sanity-checked
Summary
libsignal-service-rs is a Rust version of the libsignal-service-java library which implements the core functionality to communicate with Signal servers. Prior to commit 82d70f6720e762898f34ae76b0894b0297d9b2f8, plaintext content envelopes could be injected by a server or a malicious client, and may have been able to bypass the end-to-end encryption and authentication. The vulnerability is fixed per 82d70f6720e762898f34ae76b0894b0297d9b2f8. The `Metadata` struct contains an additional `was_encrypted` field, which breaks the API, but should be easily resolvable. No known workarounds are available.
Severity
8.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-74 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
whisperfish libsignal-service-rs Affected: < 82d70f6720e762898f34ae76b0894b0297d9b2f8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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                "timestamp": "2025-02-13T16:25:30.197253Z",
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          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
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      "affected": [
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          "vendor": "whisperfish",
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              "description": "CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component (\u0027Injection\u0027)",
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CVE-2025-24895 (GCVE-0-2025-24895)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-18 18:39 – Updated: 2025-02-18 19:39
VLAI
Title
SAML Response Signature Verification Bypass in CIE.AspNetCore.Authentication
Summary
CIE.AspNetCore.Authentication is an AspNetCore Remote Authenticator for CIE 3.0. Authentication using Spid and CIE is based on the SAML2 standard which provides two entities: 1. Identity Provider (IDP): the system that authenticates users and provides identity information (SAML affirmation) to the Service Provider, in essence, is responsible for the management of the credentials and identity of users; 2. Service Provider (SP): the system that provides a service to the user and relies on the Identity Provider to authenticate the user, receives SAML assertions from the IdP to grant access to resources. The library cie-aspnetcore refers to the second entity, the SP, and implements the validation logic of SAML assertions within SAML responses. In affected versions there is no guarantee that the first signature refers to the root object, it follows that if an attacker injects an item signed as the first element, all other signatures will not be verified. The only requirement is to have an XML element legitimately signed by the IdP, a condition that is easily met using the IdP's public metadata. An attacker could create an arbitrary SAML response that would be accepted by SPs using vulnerable SDKs, allowing him to impersonate any Spid and/or CIE user. This issue has been addressed in version 2.1.0 and all users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
italia cie-aspnetcore Affected: < 2.1.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.

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