Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8812 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-59989 (GCVE-0-2026-59989)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 20:25 – Updated: 2026-08-27 16:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI lead to RCE)
Summary
Phalcon is a high-performance, full-stack PHP framework. In 5.15.0 and earlier, resolveFilter in phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep builds the join filter by inserting the raw separator and array token values into generated PHP without passing them through expression(). An attacker who can influence Volt template source can place quote-breaking content in a join argument, inject PHP into the compiled cache file, and execute it when Phalcon\Mvc\View\Engine\Volt::render() loads the template. This issue is fixed in version 5.16.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 03:56 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/phalcon/cphalcon/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/phalcon/cphalcon/pull/17217 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/phalcon/cphalcon/commit/e43406… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/phalcon/cphalcon/releases/tag/… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-59894 (GCVE-0-2026-59894)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 17:14 – Updated: 2026-08-17 22:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
sqlparse: Generated Python and PHP snippets allow SQL string breakout through unescaped backslashes
Summary
sqlparse is a non-validating SQL parser module for Python. Prior to 0.6.0, sqlparse/filters/output.py fails to escape existing backslashes before quotes in sqlparse.format output_format='python' and output_format='php' and the corresponding sqlformat -l modes, allowing crafted SQL to terminate the generated string and inject Python or PHP code when a downstream consumer executes or imports the generated source. This issue is fixed in version 0.6.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 21:29 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/andialbrecht/sqlparse/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| andialbrecht | sqlparse |
Affected:
< 0.6.0
|
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CVE-2026-59866 (GCVE-0-2026-59866)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-16 14:46 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kiota: Arbitrary file write + code-injection via x-ms-kiota-info clientClassName and clientNamespaceName
Summary
Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.29.1 and 1.32.5, Kiota emitted x-ms-kiota-info clientClassName and clientNamespaceName values without identifier or path sanitization as both generated client class or namespace names and generated output path components when `kiota generate` ran without -c/--class-name, allowing an attacker-controlled or compromised OpenAPI description to write generated source outside the -o output directory and inject arbitrary text into generated class or namespace declarations. This issue is fixed in version 1.29.1 and 1.32.5 by GenerationConfiguration.SanitizeClientClassName and SanitizeClientNamespaceName.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 03:56 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/pull/7884 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/commit/dc812db… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.32.5 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-59865 (GCVE-0-2026-59865)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-16 14:43 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kiota: Command injection via x-ms-kiota-info dependencyInstallCommand surfaced by `kiota info`
Summary
Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.29.1 and 1.32.5, `kiota info` read x-ms-kiota-info.languagesInformation.<language>.dependencyInstallCommand plus dependency name and version values from an OpenAPI description and presented the spec-supplied command as Kiota's recommended install command, allowing an attacker-controlled or compromised description to cause command injection when the suggested command was run manually or through the Kiota VS Code extension's kiota info --json dependency-install flow. This issue is fixed in version 1.29.1 and 1.32.5.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 03:56 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/pull/7883 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/commit/e1d6d76… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.32.5 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-59862 (GCVE-0-2026-59862)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-16 14:38 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kiota: Code Generation Literal Injection in the Python Generator
Summary
Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.29.1 and 1.32.0, Kiota's Python generator let attacker-controlled enum value descriptions from x-ms-enum.values[].description flow through KiotaBuilder.SetEnumOptions into Documentation.DescriptionTemplate and PythonConventionService.RemoveInvalidDescriptionCharacters without newline sanitization, allowing generated inline comments to split and execute attacker-controlled Python code at module scope when generated modules were imported. This issue is fixed in version 1.29.1 and 1.32.0.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.32.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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},
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}
]
}
],
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}
],
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},
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},
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CVE-2026-59861 (GCVE-0-2026-59861)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-16 14:36 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kiota: Code Generation Literal Injection in Kiota Ruby Generator
Summary
Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.29.1 and 1.32.0, Kiota's Ruby generator embedded OpenAPI default fields, property names, and other schema-derived strings through CodeMethodWriter.cs and SanitizeForQuotedLiteral() in Writers/StringExtensions.cs into Ruby double-quoted literals without escaping #, allowing attacker-controlled #{expr}, #$var, or #@var interpolation markers to inject arbitrary Ruby code into generated model classes. This issue is fixed in version 1.29.1 and 1.32.0.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/pull/7746 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/commit/fee1b64… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.32.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
{
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{
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{
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],
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},
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}
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],
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"vendor": "microsoft",
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{
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},
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}
]
}
],
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{
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}
],
"metrics": [
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"userInteraction": "NONE",
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{
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],
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},
{
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{
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{
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],
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}
],
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CVE-2026-59860 (GCVE-0-2026-59860)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-16 14:34 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kiota: XML Doc-Comment Newline Breakout Code Injection
Summary
Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.29.1 and 1.32.3, Kiota is affected by a code-generation injection vulnerability in the C# XML documentation-comment sink (the description, externalDocs label, and externalDocs link fields emitted as /// … comments). When text from an OpenAPI description is written into single-line XML doc comments without stripping newline and Unicode line-terminator characters, an attacker can break out of the /// comment line and inject additional code into generated C# clients. This issue is fixed in version 1.29.1 and 1.32.3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/pull/7831 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/commit/ebb632d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.32.3 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
{
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"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-59860",
"options": [
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},
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}
],
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"timestamp": "2026-07-17T03:56:34.813340Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
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}
}
],
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},
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{
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],
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}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
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{
"product": "kiota",
"vendor": "microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 1.30.0, \u003c 1.31.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
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}
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}
],
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}
],
"metrics": [
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{
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},
{
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"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
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}
],
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CVE-2026-59859 (GCVE-0-2026-59859)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-16 14:40 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kiota: Code Generation Literal Injection in the PHP Generator
Summary
Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.29.1 and 1.32.4, Kiota's PHP generator embedded OpenAPI description, default fields, property names, and other schema-derived strings into PHP double-quoted literals through SanitizeDoubleQuote() in Writers/StringExtensions.cs without escaping $, allowing attacker-controlled ${...}, $var, or {$obj->prop} interpolation constructs to inject arbitrary PHP code into generated model and request-builder classes. This issue is fixed in version 1.29.1 and 1.32.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/pull/7863 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/commit/5e2a211… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.32.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
{
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"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
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"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-59859",
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},
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],
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},
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}
}
],
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},
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}
],
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{
"product": "kiota",
"vendor": "microsoft",
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{
"status": "affected",
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},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.29.1"
}
]
}
],
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{
"lang": "en",
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}
],
"metrics": [
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},
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},
{
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],
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},
{
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"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
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},
{
"name": "https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.32.4",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.32.4"
}
],
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"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Kiota: Code Generation Literal Injection in the PHP Generator"
}
},
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},
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}
CVE-2026-59858 (GCVE-0-2026-59858)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-09 22:37 – Updated: 2026-07-14 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via C Omni-Completion
Summary
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to 9.2.0735, the C omni-completion script in runtime/autoload/ccomplete.vim interpolates the typeref: or typename: extension field of a tags entry, without escaping, into a :vimgrep pattern that is run through :execute. Because :vimgrep honors the bar as a command separator, a crafted tag field can close the search pattern and append an arbitrary Ex command; opening a hostile .c file whose project tags file contains such an entry and invoking C omni-completion runs that command as the editing user. This issue is fixed in version 9.2.0735.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-13 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6b611b0d15603c5… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-59856 (GCVE-0-2026-59856)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-09 22:39 – Updated: 2026-07-14 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via PHP Omni-Completion
Summary
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to 9.2.0736, the PHP omni-completion script in runtime/autoload/phpcomplete.vim interpolates a class or trait name, taken from the contents of the edited buffer, into a search() pattern that is run via win_execute() without escaping. A name containing a single quote can terminate the search() string argument early, and because the bar is honored as an Ex command separator, the remainder of the name is run as Ex commands; via the :! command this allows arbitrary operating-system command execution when a victim opens a crafted PHP file and invokes omni-completion. This issue is fixed in version 9.2.0736.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-13 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/43afc581a37a357… | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.