CVE-2026-99239 (GCVE-0-2026-99239)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-02 16:06 – Updated: 2026-11-03 19:13
VLAI
Title
Bluetooth: L2CAP: refuse __l2cap_chan_add if chan already has conn
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: refuse __l2cap_chan_add if chan already has conn l2cap_chan may be linked to l2cap_conn at most once. This is assumed in several places, eg l2cap_chan_del cleanup. There is a TOCTOU race where the invariant is violated: [Task 1] [Task 2] l2cap_chan_connect l2cap_sock_bind l2cap_chan_lock lock_sock l2cap_state_change if (sk->sk_state != BT_OPEN) chan->state = BT_CONNECT l2cap_sock_state_change_cb chan->state = BT_BOUND sk->sk_state = BT_BOUND lock_sock <------------------ release_sock sk->sk_state = BT_CONNECT l2cap_sock_connect() does not check sk->sk_state, so since chan->state is now BT_BOUND, subsequent connect() ends up with second __l2cap_chan_add. Explicitly document and check the invariant in __l2cap_chan_add with WARN_ON_ONCE. The only callsite where it could be hit is l2cap_chan_connect, so add pre-check there to avoid relying on chan->state. chan->state read/write is not properly guarded currently so there can be other TOCTOUC problems. Add l2cap_lock_chan in l2cap_sock_bind() to guard chan->state write.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6847 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 8f90405a4a6f1f1880dc07996b47bf57c712bd8a , < 85cc289eb08afa975375f838187369e68b429ee0 (git)
Affected: 32d783cafb46ff3ca58e6f9fd62c9c5f35eaf26b , < 820579652b24ce277e0097cd65b42bd9b7b8bf07 (git)
Affected: 8922c7940bae9ce4b1736dddb6362370793835c2 , < e618d928ec7f88cbeadfa3542adcac40f474e629 (git)
Affected: 91047a4396a8b1857a6f712a90cf33ec0012b189 , < fabaff1c59ff2cc89cb7e5bd0186a5e15f0c73b2 (git)
Affected: 0b0e2bf39cf99e458d991b9df253727e036a7d7d , < 52fe88e4ef87311eee32b45c65603e7c69e75e7d (git)
Affected: d3b739db5dc6f688a60d56da872fabaf65246032 , < 10c705dd706aa93164ba41f2566f15206d6c178e (git)
Affected: b66774b48dd98f07254951f74ea6f513efe7ff8b , < 73820561d8cbfd3364a29b8fa77f1707f26029da (git)
Affected: b66774b48dd98f07254951f74ea6f513efe7ff8b , < d3afd7803f9bc2a8c4270199497b60158b2fc647 (git)
Affected: b66774b48dd98f07254951f74ea6f513efe7ff8b , < 86b55991d3cd690e73c5ef8d20b75ae4905b357a (git)
Affected: 50c38d9f42a529691e4e67ea9cedf4f0bfc8d277 (git)
Affected: 5.10.265 , < 5.10.273 (semver)
Affected: 5.15.216 , < 5.15.224 (semver)
Affected: 6.1.183 , < 6.1.191 (semver)
Affected: 6.6.145 , < 6.6.161 (semver)
Affected: 6.12.97 , < 6.12.115 (semver)
Affected: 6.18.39 , < 6.18.60 (semver)
Affected: 7.1.4 , < 7.2 (semver)
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Linux Linux Affected: 7.2
Unaffected: 0 , < 7.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.273 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.224 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.191 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.161 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.115 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.60 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.14 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3.1 , ≤ 7.3.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.4-rc1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: L2CAP: refuse __l2cap_chan_add if chan already has conn\n\nl2cap_chan may be linked to l2cap_conn at most once. This is assumed in\nseveral places, eg l2cap_chan_del cleanup.\n\nThere is a TOCTOU race where the invariant is violated:\n\n    [Task 1]                          [Task 2]\n    l2cap_chan_connect                l2cap_sock_bind\n      l2cap_chan_lock                   lock_sock\n      l2cap_state_change                if (sk-\u003esk_state != BT_OPEN)\n        chan-\u003estate = BT_CONNECT\n        l2cap_sock_state_change_cb      chan-\u003estate = BT_BOUND\n                                        sk-\u003esk_state = BT_BOUND\n          lock_sock \u003c------------------ release_sock\n          sk-\u003esk_state = BT_CONNECT\n\nl2cap_sock_connect() does not check sk-\u003esk_state, so since chan-\u003estate\nis now BT_BOUND, subsequent connect() ends up with second\n__l2cap_chan_add.\n\nExplicitly document and check the invariant in __l2cap_chan_add with\nWARN_ON_ONCE. The only callsite where it could be hit is\nl2cap_chan_connect, so add pre-check there to avoid relying on\nchan-\u003estate. chan-\u003estate read/write is not properly guarded currently so\nthere can be other TOCTOUC problems.\n\nAdd l2cap_lock_chan in l2cap_sock_bind() to guard chan-\u003estate write."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The double add is a local TOCTOU: l2cap_sock_connect()\u2192l2cap_chan_connect()\u2192__l2cap_chan_add() races l2cap_sock_bind(), which overwrites chan-\u003estate to BT_BOUND so a later connect() links the same l2cap_chan again. No received L2CAP/HCI PDU carries that state; a radio peer cannot issue those syscalls.\nAC:L - The attacker owns both threads. bind() holds lock_sock while l2cap_state_change() blocks in l2cap_sock_state_change_cb(); bind() then sets chan-\u003estate=BT_BOUND. l2cap_sock_connect() never checks sk-\u003esk_state, so a later connect() observes BT_BOUND and calls __l2cap_chan_add() again. The race is attacker-driven and retryable.\nPR:L - l2cap_sock_create() requires capable(CAP_NET_RAW) only for SOCK_RAW; SOCK_SEQPACKET/STREAM used here have no capability gate. l2cap_add_psm() auto-picks a dynamic PSM (BR/EDR \u003e=0x1001) without CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE. bt_sock_create() is init_net-only, so this is an ordinary unprivileged local user.\nUI:N - The attacker opens their own AF_BLUETOOTH/BTPROTO_L2CAP socket and issues bind()/connect(). hci_connect_acl() creates the hci_conn, l2cap_conn_add() publishes l2cap_data, and __l2cap_chan_add() runs before any remote Connection Complete or pairing prompt.\nS:U - __l2cap_chan_add() corrupts the host kernel l2cap_chan.list linked into l2cap_conn.chan_l, which l2cap_chan_del() and l2cap_conn_del() then walk; the impact stays in the kernel L2CAP/HCI authority and does not cross a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - A second __l2cap_chan_add() to another l2cap_conn list_add_tail()s the same chan-\u003elist without unlinking it from the first conn-\u003echan_l. l2cap_conn_del()\u0027s list_for_each_entry_safe then follows those stale pointers and treats the other conn\u0027s list head as an l2cap_chan, an adjacent-slab type confusion that can be sprayed for a kernel read.\nI:H - l2cap_chan_del() list_del()s the twice-inserted chan-\u003elist, writing next/prev of the other connection\u0027s nodes, and l2cap_conn_del() calls chan-\u003eops-\u003eteardown/close on the type-confused object. That unlink write plus ops-pointer invocation is a write/control-flow primitive.\nA:H - Inserting chan-\u003elist into the same conn-\u003echan_l twice makes a self-loop, so __l2cap_get_chan_by_scid(), l2cap_conn_start(), and l2cap_conn_del() hang in list_for_each_entry; after list_del() the leftover head still points at the poisoned node and oopses."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-11-03T19:13:06.554Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/85cc289eb08afa975375f838187369e68b429ee0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/820579652b24ce277e0097cd65b42bd9b7b8bf07"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e618d928ec7f88cbeadfa3542adcac40f474e629"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fabaff1c59ff2cc89cb7e5bd0186a5e15f0c73b2"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52fe88e4ef87311eee32b45c65603e7c69e75e7d"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/10c705dd706aa93164ba41f2566f15206d6c178e"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73820561d8cbfd3364a29b8fa77f1707f26029da"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d3afd7803f9bc2a8c4270199497b60158b2fc647"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/86b55991d3cd690e73c5ef8d20b75ae4905b357a"
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      ],
      "title": "Bluetooth: L2CAP: refuse __l2cap_chan_add if chan already has conn",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
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    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.403Z",
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    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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                    "lessThan": "7.2",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "7.1.4",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "defaultStatus": "affected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c",
                  "net/bluetooth/l2cap_sock.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "7.2"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "7.2",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.10.273",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.15.224",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.1.191",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.6.161",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.12.115",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.18.60",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.2.14",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.3.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.3.1",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.4-rc1",
                    "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: L2CAP: refuse __l2cap_chan_add if chan already has conn\n\nl2cap_chan may be linked to l2cap_conn at most once. This is assumed in\nseveral places, eg l2cap_chan_del cleanup.\n\nThere is a TOCTOU race where the invariant is violated:\n\n    [Task 1]                          [Task 2]\n    l2cap_chan_connect                l2cap_sock_bind\n      l2cap_chan_lock                   lock_sock\n      l2cap_state_change                if (sk-\u003esk_state != BT_OPEN)\n        chan-\u003estate = BT_CONNECT\n        l2cap_sock_state_change_cb      chan-\u003estate = BT_BOUND\n                                        sk-\u003esk_state = BT_BOUND\n          lock_sock \u003c------------------ release_sock\n          sk-\u003esk_state = BT_CONNECT\n\nl2cap_sock_connect() does not check sk-\u003esk_state, so since chan-\u003estate\nis now BT_BOUND, subsequent connect() ends up with second\n__l2cap_chan_add.\n\nExplicitly document and check the invariant in __l2cap_chan_add with\nWARN_ON_ONCE. The only callsite where it could be hit is\nl2cap_chan_connect, so add pre-check there to avoid relying on\nchan-\u003estate. chan-\u003estate read/write is not properly guarded currently so\nthere can be other TOCTOUC problems.\n\nAdd l2cap_lock_chan in l2cap_sock_bind() to guard chan-\u003estate write."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-99239",
        "lastModified": "2026-11-03T20:18:30.280",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-11-02T16:17:49.540",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/10c705dd706aa93164ba41f2566f15206d6c178e"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52fe88e4ef87311eee32b45c65603e7c69e75e7d"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73820561d8cbfd3364a29b8fa77f1707f26029da"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/820579652b24ce277e0097cd65b42bd9b7b8bf07"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/85cc289eb08afa975375f838187369e68b429ee0"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/86b55991d3cd690e73c5ef8d20b75ae4905b357a"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d3afd7803f9bc2a8c4270199497b60158b2fc647"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e618d928ec7f88cbeadfa3542adcac40f474e629"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fabaff1c59ff2cc89cb7e5bd0186a5e15f0c73b2"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-02T20:33:18+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-99239",
      "id": "CVE-2026-99239",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-11-02T16:06:43.262000+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "77",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "203",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: kernel: Privilege escalation via race condition in Bluetooth L2CAP",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-99239.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-03T17:33:40Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-99239",
      "id": "CVE-2026-99239",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-11-03T17:33:40Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "252",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "93",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-99239",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/2026/cve-2026-99239.json",
      "version": "2"
    }
  }
}



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Sightings

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Nomenclature

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  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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Vulnerability timeline

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